Air pollution in the Philippines have raised concerns about the quality of the air and the need to understand the Air Quality Index (AQI). The AQI is a vital tool for individuals and communities to assess air quality, make informed decisions about outdoor activities, and protect their health. This article aims to provide a comprehensive guide on understanding the AQI and its significance in evaluating air quality.
What is the Air Quality Index (AQI)?
The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a standardized measurement system used to assess and quantify the quality of the air in a specific location. It measures the concentration levels of various pollutants present in the air, including ozone, particulate matter (PM2.5), carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide. By assigning a numerical value to the AQI, it provides an easy-to-understand scale to communicate the potential health risks associated with different levels of pollution.
Understanding the AQI Scale
The AQI scale typically ranges from zero to 500 and is divided into different color-coded categories that represent different air quality levels.
- Green Zone (0-50): Good Air Quality
An AQI reading of 50 or below indicates good air quality, with minimal or no health risk from pollution. It is considered safe for outdoor activities, and individuals can engage in regular physical exertion without significant concerns. - Yellow Zone (51-100): Moderate Air Quality
AQI values between 51 and 100 represent moderate air quality. While still acceptable, individuals, especially those who are sensitive to air pollution, should be cautious during prolonged or heavy outdoor activities. It is advisable to reduce exposure to pollution by limiting strenuous exertion. - Orange Zone (101-150): Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups
When the AQI ranges from 101 to 150, air quality begins to impact sensitive groups such as individuals with heart or lung diseases, older adults, children, pregnant women, and those who spend considerable time outdoors. Sensitive groups should take precautions and limit prolonged outdoor activities, while the general public may experience mild health effects. - Red Zone (151-200): Unhealthy Air Quality
An AQI surpassing 151 indicates unhealthy air quality. In this range, the general public may experience adverse health effects, and sensitive groups are at a higher risk. It is recommended to reduce outdoor activities, particularly for individuals experiencing symptoms related to poor air quality. - Purple Zone (201-300): Very Unhealthy Air Quality
It values ranging from 201 to 300 signify very unhealthy air quality. The risk of negative health effects increases for all individuals. It is advised to minimize outdoor activities and avoid strenuous exertion. Sensitive groups should avoid outdoor physical activity altogether. - Maroon Zone (301 and above): Hazardous Air Quality
Once the AQI surpasses 301, it enters the maroon zone, indicating hazardous air quality. This signifies a health emergency, as the risk of severe health effects applies to the entire population. It is crucial to stay indoors and avoid outdoor exposure as much as possible.
Protective Measures for Different AQI Levels
Based on the AQI levels, it is essential to follow guidelines provided by local health authorities to protect oneself from the effects of poor air quality. Here are some general recommendations for each AQI category:
- Green Zone (0-50): No special precautions necessary.
- Yellow Zone (51-100): Outdoor activities can continue, but individuals sensitive to air pollution should consider reducing prolonged or heavy exertion.
- Orange Zone (101-150): Sensitive groups should reduce prolonged or heavy outdoor exertion. The general public is less likely to be affected.
- Red Zone (151-200): Outdoor activities
